تعیین بهترین زمان برداشت بذر با کیفیت بالا از پایه مادری در لوبیا چشم بلبلی رقم کامران در شرایط آب و هوایی خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه علمی کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور تهران

چکیده

اثر تاریخ برداشت از پایه مادری بر کیفیت بذر لوبیا چشم بلبلی رقم کامران در یک آزمایش مزرعه­ای بررسی گردید تا بهترین زمان برای برداشت بذری با بیشترین کیفیت مشخص گردد. این آزمایش بر پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمار مورد بررسی، زمان برداشت بذر از پایه مادری بود، به­طوری­که در 9 مرحله، از زمان گل­دهی به فاصله هر چهار روز یک بار، برداشت صورت پذیرفت و صفات کیفی بذر شامل درصد جوانه­زنی، وزن خشک گیاهچه، رطوبت بذر، هدایت الکتریکی و وزن هزار دانه بذر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که زمان برداشت از پایه مادری بر صفات کیفی بذر تأثیر معنی­داری داشت، به­طوری­که با گذشت زمان و تشکیل ساختارهای ضروری، درصد جوانه­زنی، وزن هزار دانه بذر و وزن خشک گیاهچه افزایش پیدا کرد و شاخص­های هدایت الکتریکی و محتوای رطوبتی بذر کاهش یافت. بیشترین کیفیت بذرهای لوبیا در 32 روز بعد از گل­دهی به­دست آمد و تا 38 روز بعد از گل­دهی، این کیفیت بالا حفظ شد. با این حال، با در نظر گرفتن درصد رطوبت بذر، زمان 38 روز بعد از گل­دهی، تاریخ مناسب­تری برای برداشت بذری با کیفیت بالا می­باشد چرا که در 32 روز بعد از گل­دهی به­دلیل درصد رطوبت بالا، بذر ممکن است دچار خسارت­های مکانیکی در زمان برداشت شود. بنابراین، زمان 38 روز بعد از گل­دهی به­دلیل داشتن کیفیت بالا و درصد رطوبت پایین بذر، بهترین تاریخ برداشت لوبیا چشم بلبلی رقم کامران جهت داشتن بذری با بیشترین کیفیت می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determine the best time to harvest of high quality seed from mother plant in cow pea cultivar Kamran under Khuzestan weather conditions

نویسنده [English]

  • Hamdollah Eskandari
چکیده [English]

Effect of harvest time on seed quality of cow pea cultivar Kamran was evaluated in a field experiment to determine the best time of harvest for achieving high quality seeds. The experiment was carried out based on RCBD in three replications. The treatment was the time of harvesting from mother plant in which seed were harvested at 9 stages in four-day intervals. Seed quality indicators including seed germination percentage, seedling dry weight, 1000-grain weight, electrical conductivity of seed lot and seed moisture content were determined for assessing seed quality. Results revealed that harvest time affected seed quality traits where with increasing harvest time and completing essential structures, seed germination, 1000-grain weight and seedling dry weight increased and EC and moisture content decreased. The highest seed quality was attained at 32 days after flowering which stayed constant until 38 days after flowering. However, regarding seed moisture content, 38 days after flowering was better harvest time, since at the time of 32 days after flowering, seeds had high moisture content which may result in mechanical damage to seeds. Therefore, because of high seed quality and low moisture content of seeds, at 38 days after flowering the highest seed quality can be achieved.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cowpea
  • Electrical conductivity
  • Germination percentage
  • Harvest time
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